Thursday, January 31, 2008
U Kyaw Min of Burma:A Member of Parliament without CitizenshipBy: Ahmedur Rahman Farooq
January 31, 2008
Burma, a resource-rich country of 678,500 sq. km and 57.6 million people which the military rulers have turned into a secret state of terror during its 46 years of unbroken despotic rule and where a Nobel Peace Laureate like Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and many other members of parliament are languishing in detetion or jails years after years, the issue of U Kyaw Min can not usually make a story.
But the case of U Kyaw Min alias Master Shamsul Anowarul Hoque deserves special attention as it is different in nature from legal point of view and it carries a different perspective which is related to the fate of 4.5 million Rohingya ethnic minority of Arakan, Burma.
U Kyaw Min is a Rohingya by ethnicity. He has been sentenced to 47 years imprisonment and at the same time his wife Daw Tiza, his two daughters Kin Kin Nu and Way Way Nu and his son Maung Aung Naing have also been sentenced to 17 years imprisonment respectively. Now all of them have been passing a nightmarish life in the jail in Burma. The National Coalition Government of the Union of Burma (NCGUB) which is serving as a government in exile with its headquarter in Washington D.C., states about him, "U Kyaw Min(age 54), the representative-elect (MP) of Butheetaung Township constituency (1), belongs to the National Democratic Party for Human Rights (NDPHR) and a member of the CRPP, was detained on 17 March 2005, A statement was released by CRPP on last Union Day, in which U Kyaw Min took in active part. Besides, he met with ILO delegation, which visited Burma on 21st to 23rd of February 2005. He was sentenced to 47 years imprisonment on 29 July 2005. His wife, two daughters and a son were also sentenced to 17 years respectively. The junta banned the NDPHR under order No. 8/92 on 18 March 1992, and at that time U Kyaw Min was a member of the party's Central Executive Committee. U Kyaw Min received a Bachelor of Economics degree from the Rangoon Institute of Economics in 1968, and in 1969 he began working as a teacher. In 1983, he received a Diploma in Education and served as the Deputy Head of Buthidaung Township Educational Department. In 1985 he became a middle school principal but was dismissed from the position in 1989 because of his involvement in the August 1988 uprising. U Kyaw Min received 30,997 valid votes or 74 % in the 1990 elections."(http://www.ncgub.net/staticpage s/index.php/MP-update-August200 7)
U Kyaw Min was born in the village "Mikyanzay" under Buthidaung Township in Arakan State of Burma in 1944. In 1988, he led anti government democratic uprising as the chairman of "Democracy Fighting Committee" of the Mayu Division and at the same time he was the executive member of Arakan State Peace Commitee whose chairman was the then Head Monk of Arakan State and which was maintaining the law and order situation in the whole Arakan State during the two months of chaotic and volatile period of 1988 when there was virtually no governance in Burma. He was also the adviser to the " 88 Generation of Mayu Division". However, after the landslide victory of U Kyaw Min in the general election of 1990, the military rulers took it as a big dust on their eye. In 1992, he was put in detention for 3 months in the custody of the military intelligence during operation "prataya". He was again put in detention for 15 days when a senior official of the UN visited Buthidaung in Arakan State. In 1994, an insurgent group launched several offensives in western Arakan, then the military intelligence again put him in detention for 45 days eventhough he has never supported any separatism and has continuously raised his voice for the communal harmony and peaceful coexistence of all communities of Arakan particularly the Rohingyas and Rakhines under the Union of Burma. Finally, in March 2005, he was arrested from his residence in Rangoon and was charged under Section 18 Citizenship Law 1982 and section 5(j) Anti State Emergency Law .
Mentionably, after he joined the CRPP (Committee Representing the People's Parliament) in 1998 at the invitation of Daw Aung Suu Kyie to represent the Rohingya ethnic minority, the main pro-regime party"NUP" (National Unity Party) invited him to join NUP to support military backed national convention and to resign from CRPP. But he did not agree and this has brought serious wrath of the military rulers and the ultimate consequence was the handing of 47 years imprisonment.
From February 21 to 23.2005, a high power delegation of ILO (International Labor Organization) has visited Burma and they have held an exclusive meeting with him and after the visit of that delegation, Burma was suspended from ILO and then the military rulers suspected him to have played an active role in the suspension of Burma from the ILO.
However, the imprisonment of U Kyaw Min under the allegation of not being the citizen of Burma, is a part of systematic persecutions of Rohingya ethnic minority of Arakan. U Kyaw Min has got his graduation from the Rangoon University on the subjects of Bachelor of Economics. As per the Burmese law, this subject is not allowed to study for foreigners. For 18 years, he has held a number of different positions in the government job, which is not allowed for someone who is not the citizen of Burma. It is also true that the Election Commission of Burma never allows a foreigner to participate in a general election. But despite the Election Commission knew it very well that he is a Rohingya, he was allowed to run the election after scrutinizing his nationality status.
Mentionably, an amendment to the Burma citizenship law in 1982 deprived the Rohingyas of citizenship, suddenly making them illegal immigrants in their ancestral motherland where they have been living centuries after centuries and whose presence in the region can be traced back to the 7th Century. However, this amendment has reduced them to the status of a Stateless Gypsy Community of the world.
The Burmese military rulers do not want to know and let others know that the Rohingyas have a long history, a language, a heritage, a culture and a tradition of their own that they had built up in Arakan through their long history of existence there and in order to garner support among the Buddhist majority Burma, the military rulers have continuously run their criminal propaganda against the Rohingyas to such a level that many people still believe that Royhingyas are foreigners and that they do not belong to Burma.
Particularly since the takeover of General Ne Win in 1962, the Burmese military rulers have been continuously stepping up their systemic program to ethnically cleanse the Rohingyas from their ancestral homeland and they have been altering the demography of the region through extermination and displacement of the Rohingya population, demolition and confiscation of Rohingya properties and construction of Pagodas and monasteries on the demolished sacred sites of the Rohingyas to obliterate the identity of the Rohingyas. In Arakan there is a vast number of written and unwritten discriminatory rules which govern the lives of Rohingyas. They are subjected to severe restrictions of movement, which affect their ability to trade and to seek employment as well as limit their access to health care and education. The Rohingyas must apply for written permission to travel out of their home villages, and another permission document to sleep overnight in another village. Akyab (Sittwe), the capital city of Arakan, is totally off limits to them. Marrying without permission ?and permission is often denied or delayed ?can bring hefty fines and prison sentences and turns children of such "illegal" marriages into stateless non-persons. For the decades-long downtrodden and poverty-stricken Rohingyas, complying with the myriad restrictions requires an onerous and mostly unofficial payment every step of the way. Arbitrary confiscation of land without compensation continues, either to provide land for new Buddhist settlers or to build and enlarge military camps, including plantations to grow crops for the military for their own food as well as for commercial purposes.
Since the promulgation of the new Burma Citizenship Law 1982, the Rohingya students are denied their basic rights to education outside Arakan. It is important to point out that all professional institutes are situated outside Arakan. Thus, the Rohingya students are unable to study there because of such travel prohibition. In recent years, the Rohingya students are prohibited from even going to Akyab (Sittwe) to attend Sittwe University for their studies. These draconian measures barring Rohingyas from attending universities and professional institutes are marginalizing them as the most illiterate section within the Burmese population. They are forced to embrace a very bleak future for them.
Traditionally, the Rohingyas are a farming community that depends on agricultural produce and breeding of cattle and fowls. Unfortunately, they are forced to pay heavy taxes on everything they own: cattle, food grains, agricultural produce, shrimp, tree, and even roof of their homes. Even for a minor repair of their homes, they are forced to pay tax. They are required to report birth and death of a livestock to the authority while paying an arbitrary fee. Extra-judicial killing and summery executions, rape of women, arrest and torture, forced labor, forced relocation, confiscation of moveable and immoveable properties, religious sacrileges, etc., are regular occurrences in Arakan.
As a result, severe poverty, unemployment, lack of education and official discrimination are compelling the Rohingyas to lead an inhuman life, causing a negative affect to each Rohingya, especially its youths and workforces. The future of the community remains bleak and exodus into neighboring Bangladesh has become a recurrent phenomenon. The new arrivals unfortunately often face arrests and/or pushback from the Bangladesh security forces. And there is no international agency to look after the interest of these stateless Rohingyas. Because of their lack of legal identity, they are not allowed to work or hold work permit by any name. To survive, many work as illegal workers in different countries of the world where in many places they and their children are deprived of basic human rights.
However, in response to the efforts of the UNHCR to facilitate the survival of Rohingyas, the military rulers have agreed by middle of 2007 to issue Temporary Registration Certificate (TRC) for a limited number of Rohingyas, enabling them to inland travel from township to township or to apply for marriage permission. The UNHCR is present in northern Arakan state for the past 14 years, monitoring the welfare of more than 230,000 Rohingya former refugees who returned from next-door Bangladesh from 1992 onwards.
Nevertheless, after the resignation of the rest three Rohingya MPs under the pressure of the military regime, U Kyaw Min who proved to have the courage to stare at the eye of death, remained the only member of parliament among 4.5 million Rohingya Community to represent the political future of the Rohingyas in the National Parliament of Burma, in different strata of the state level of Burma and also to represent the Rohingya community in the UN and other World Bodies. He is a visionary leader and an illustrious son of the soil of Arakan. His ideal remains a luminary for the Rohingyas to build up a future even standing in the debris.He inspired hundreds of thousands of Rohingya youths to think as to how to emancipate the stateless Rohingya community from their decades-long sufferings.
Daw Aung San Suu Kyie is regarded by the people of Burma as well as Rohingyas as the icon of peace and liberty and at the sametime U Kyaw Min is regarded by the Rohingyas as the ray of hope as well as the crown of their respect which has been reflected in his landslide victory in the 1990 General Election and which has been recognized as a significant landmark for representation and which came after 26 years of military dictatorship. In fact, it was the first time when the people of Burma got an opportunity to vote for a government of their choice. It was one of the free and fair elections that had taken place in the South-East Asia region at that decade. He made unprecedented contributions for the cause of emancipation of the whole Rohingya community and as a great Rohingya scholar, he has shown the Rohingya community the road to emancipation through the restoration of communal harmony between Rohingyas and Rakhines under the Union of a democratic government of Burma.
U Kyaw Min tried his level best to inject the spirit of brotherhood among all communities of Arakan particularly the Rohingyas and Rakhines to work shoulder in shoulder for the build up of a prosperous future. He lives with dignity in the hearts of tens of thousands homeless Rohingyas. By imprisoning him on the charge of being an alien, the military rulers will not be able to wipe out his name from hearts of Rohingyas as well as other democratic forces of Burma. They have rather set with it another example of forcefully snatching away the rights of Rohingyas to citizenship and thus to compel them to born, live and die in this world without having the basic rights as stipulated by the UN Declaration of Human Rights.#.............................. .......Ahmedur Rahman Farooq, Chairman, The Council for Restoration of Democracy in Burma (CRDB) and a member of The Union of Rohingya Communities in Europe (URCE). Address: 2975, Vang i Valdres, Norway. Media Contact:+4797413036 Email: rohingyascrdbinfo@gmail.com , crdbinfodept@yahoo.com
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4:30 AM Protection of Rohingya Undocumented Refugees in BangladeshBy Ahmedur Rahman Farooq
January 17-2008
The Rohingya refugee problem in Bangladesh is a decades-long pending issue. According to the official record, there are some 26,000 Rohingya refugees in two official camps in Cox's Bazar, a southern district of Bangladesh bordering Burma. The government of Bangladesh manages these camps with assistance from UN refugee agency, UNHCR. These refugees are the remainder of some 258,000 Rohingyas who left Burma to escape the genocidal operation led by the Burmese military rulers against the Rohingyas in 1991- 92.
On the other hand, some estimates suggest that there are over 400,000 Rohingyas who are living in Bangladesh as undocumented refugees without any status and there are about 300,000 Rohingyas who are living in different countries of the world with Bangladesh passport. These refugees are among those who crossed to Bangladesh over the past to escape the systematic genocidal operations and gross human rights violations in their ancestral motherland Arakan which is now a state under the Union of Burma.In fact, the Rohingya community of Arakan is one of the most unfortunate and down-trodden ethnic minority groups of the world, who are not recognized as the citizens of Burma and they have been constantly subjected to gross human rights violation decades after decades by the Burmese military rulers who have turned the country into a secret state of terror since 1962.The Rohingya community constitutes some 4.5 million people both at home and abroad and out of it, about 1.5 million have been uprooted from their motherland and those displaced Rohingyas have been leading a gypsy life in different countries of the world mostly in Bangladesh, Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, Malaysia etc as undocumented and stateless refugees without having any recognized status as refugees to avail protection as per the International Law for Refugees.Although the slavish history of the Rohingyas begins with the invasion of Arakan in 1784 and its subsequent annexation with Burman territory, but the story of their large scale persecution and oppression begins with the beginning of the 20th century and during the Pogrom of 1942 which is worldwide known as "Biyallisher Kharakhari" over 2 hundred thousand Rohingya men, women and children have been massacred which has also been recorded by the world history. During that Pogrom, the Rohingyas of 22 villages known as Baishfajja in Mrohaung Township which was the capital city of Ancient Arakan Kingdom and also the Rohingyas of 14 villages known as Chaiddafajja of Kyawktaw Township, have been purely massacred without leaving a single Rohingya alive in those villages. During that time, tens of thousands of Rohingyas crossed to neighboring countries. And particularly since Gen. Ne Win's seize of power in 1962, the exodus of Rohingyas from Arakan has turned out to be a regular phenomenon in order to escape the systematic genocidal, ethnic cleansing and drive out operations led against the Rohingyas by the Burmese military rulers.And during the anti-Rohingya genocidal operation known as Dragon King Operation of 1978 over three hundred thousand Rohingyas took refuge in neighboring Bangladesh and later about 180,000 Rohingyas have returned to Arakan following the intervention of the international community to force the Burmese military rulers to take back its citizens. But due to the lack of an all-out guarantee of their security in Arakan, the rest portion of the refugees refused to return home and later, many of them got mixed with the local people of Bangladesh and started leading a gypsy life here and there as undocumented refugees and many of them crossed to different countries like India, Pakistan, UAE and Saudi Arabia etc.However, the Rohingya undocumented refugees now living in Bangladesh are a group of people who never exist officially and there is no record of their life and death on the basis of their ethnic entity as Rohingya. Being uprooted from their original hearths and homes in their ancestral land Arakan, most of them have been leading an inhuman life in Bangladesh without having any regular source of income to feed themselves. Most of them have been living years after years in some huts made of filthy plastic and bamboo cane, where parents and children live huddling together like packs of rats in a sewer. And due to the lack of any recognized status as refugees, there is no scope for them to receive any financial or food aid, medicine or education.However, since the last many years a serious concern has been growing in Bangladesh over the issue of Rohingya undocumented refugees. In December 29.2005 , the then State Minister for Communications of Bangladesh Salauddin Ahmed MP asked the government officials in a meeting of the district law and order committee of Cox's Bazar to enroll the unlisted Rohingyas so that they can be repatriated to their homeland in due time and accordingly the district administration has conducted a survey of the Rohingyas living in different areas of Cox's Bazar.On November 15.2007, a seminar was held at the National Press Club of Bangladesh on 'Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh: Issues and concerns' where the participants at the discussion have raised serious concern over the Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh. They also urged the Bangladesh government to work internationally to link Rohingya refugee problem to the ongoing democratic movement in Burma and to focus the Rohingya issue before the international community properly to help end their problems. They also said that Rohingyas are not confined to Cox's Bazar and Chittagong only, they are also living in the slum areas of Dhaka and other big cities. They suggested that the Bangladesh government should allow international organisations to provide better facilities for Rohingya refugees. They also called on the media to play its due role to place the issue before the international community.And one of the major problems which the Rohingya undocumented refugees in Bangladesh have been facing over the last one year is with passport. Since the Rohingyas are not recognized as citizens of Burma, so there is no way for them to get any passport of Burma.Since the long past, the Rohingya undocumented refugees have been continuing to use Bangladesh passport to travel abroad for the interest of their easy survival as there was no problem to get a passport in Bangladesh after applying for the passport using some fake address along with some fabricated documents because there was no pragmatic procedure for the passport department of Bangladesh to investigate the genuinity of the documents as well as the origin of the applicants.But since the last one year, there is no scope for Rohingyas to get any passport in Bangladesh due to strict process of scrutiny or verification as to whether an applicant is in fact a bona fide citizen of Bangladesh. Now no passport is issued until the passport office gets a concrete verification report of the police to the fact that an applicant is in fact a citizen of Bangladesh. And also the police department is maintaining so strict procedure to verify an applicant that now they never submit any report to the passport office without going directly to the spot of the address as mentioned in the application form and then verify it minutely.In fact, such a situation has caused a serious problem for the survival of the Rohingya undocumented refugees in Bangladesh. And more importantly, if the Bagnladesh government refuses through whatever means to renew the passports of the Rohingyas who are living in different countries of the world with Bangladesh passport or to reissue their passports if it is lost, then it will cause a big Human Tragedy as thousands of Rohingya immigrants who have been living in different countries of the world, will become illegal immigrants abroad facing the risk of loss of jobs, jail or deportation and many of them will become stranded there and they will not be able to reunite with their families - wife,children, fathers,mothers ,brothers, sisters and other near and dear ones, and many of them will not even be able to see for the last time their dying mothers or any other near and dear ones at their death bed. And more importantly, in that condition of becoming an illegal immigrant for example in the Middle East with the loss of passport, if any Rohingya dies whose family is in Bangladesh, the family of the deceased Rohingya will not be able to get back even his dead body and see him for the last time.Similarly, over the recent past there was a strong voice in the news media of Bangladesh against the inclusion of Rohingyas in the voter list and finally the Election Commission of Bangladesh has clearly stated that there is no scope for inclusion of Rohingyas in the voter list and accordingly they have already taken all out steps to drop the Rohingyas from the voter list which means that the door for getting any passport for Rohingyas has been permanently closed.In fact, Bangladesh is a small country of only 147,570 square km with an overwhelming population of 134.6 million people out of which 70 million people live below the poverty level and out of them 45 million people live on below a dollar a day. Despite these so many limitations and limited resources, Bangladesh has given shelter to tens of thousands of Rohingya undocumented refugees over the past. But it is quite impossible for the people of Bangladesh to shoulder the burden of so many refugees for an indefinite period.It may be mentioned here that giving citizenship to Rohingyas in Bangladesh or resorting to any other arrangement for their permanent resettlement in Bangladesh is not a solution to their problem. Any such move will rather aggravate their problem further. Such move will encourage the Burmese military rulers to launch more exterminatory operations against the Rohingyas in order to push the rest of Rohingyas from Arakan to Bangladesh and turn Arakan into a purely "Rohingyaless" land, because the Burmese military rulers have snatched away the citizenship right of Rohingyas on a false allegation that the Rohingyas are the British Era immigrants of the then East Bengal (now Bangladesh) and as such, this type of move will indirectly justify the allegation of the Burmese rulers. On the other hand, the burden of so many refugees will cause a tremendous problem to the poverty stricken people of Bangladesh. And, this type of move, which can literally be called as Bengalization of Rohingyas, will lead to the loss of an ethnic community "Rohingya" from the world in the long run. So, the best option towards the solution to their problem is to let them live in Bangladesh until a democratic government comes to power in Burma and to recognize them as refugees for their easy survival and to provide them with Travel Document to facilitate them to travel abroad for their livelihood.In fact, the people of Bangladesh are very sympathetic to the never ending story of plight of Rohingyas and the sufferings of Rohingyas remind the people of Bangladesh of their own plight during the Liberation War of Bangladesh in 1971 when millions of people of Bangladesh were compelled to take refuge in neighboring India to escape the Genocide. But in order to ensure prevention of any sort of conflict of interest between the Rohingya undocumented refugees and the people of Bangladesh for today or sometime in the future, a comprehensive initiative must be taken at the state level in collaboration with the UN to create an atmosphere in Bangladesh where these refugees will not be treated as parasites of the human society of Bangladesh and where they will not be subjected to any sort of discrimination in enjoying their fundamental human rights. Otherwise, these refugees may naturally try sometime in the future to avail the citizenship of Bangladesh by hook or by crook to avoid discrimination and for the interest of their easy survival.It may be mentioned here that at present there is no effective tool in Bangladesh for the protection of refugees and identification of illegal immigrants and there is no institutional mechanism for refugee status determination (RSD) by the government of Bangladesh. Bangladesh is not a party to the UN Convention on the Status of Refugees, 1951, and it's Protocol of 1967. It also does not have any national legislation to deal with asylum or refugee issues. Though Article 31 of the Constitution of Bangladesh guarantees equal protection of law for "every other person" staying in the country for the time being, however, there is a lack of judicial interpretation and common understanding of the clause.But Bangladesh has been a party to major international human rights instruments. It has also been a member of the UNHCR's Executive Committee since 1995. So, the state is already under obligation to extend protection to asylum seekers and refugees in the country.Nevertheless, the ongoing process of marginalization of Rohingyas through the voter enlistment programme of the Election Commission of Bangladesh, has caused a question of life and death for tens of thousands of Rohingya undocumented refugees in Bangldesh. After the finalization of the ongoing process of voter enlistment within the Year 2008, the Bangladesh government will provide ID Card to all the voters. And this ID Card will be essential in all walks of life and without ID Card, it may be impossible to even buy a medicine or get treatment in a hospital. In such a situation, the survival of these Rohingyas in Bangladesh without any recognized status will be quite impossible and it will cause a big human tragedy if no specific step is taken in advance to solve their problem.So, as a part of their protection, the Bangladesh government should take urgent step to recognize them as refugees and to raise the issue in the international forum with a view to find out a durable solution to their problem............. ......... ......... ............ ......... ......... ............Ahmedur Rahman Farooq, Chariman, The Council for Restoration of Democracy in Burma (CRDB) and a member of The Union of Rohingya Communities in Europe (URCE). Address: 2975, Vang i Valdres, Norway. Media Contact:+4797413036 Email:
rohingyascrdbinfo@ gmail.com ,
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4:28 AM Friday, October 19, 2007
CRDB's Statement at the Press Conference at the National Press Club in Oslo, NorwayPress ReleaseToday, (Oct 19.2007), a press conference was held by "The Council for Restoration of Democracy in Burma (CRDB)", an organization of Rohingyas in exile, in collaboration with The Union of Rohingya Communities in Europe (URCE) at the National Press Club in Oslo, Norway where the Chairman of the CRDB, Mr A. Rahman Farooq read out the written statement of the organization. The conference was also addressed by the Social Welfare Secretary of The Union of Rohingya Communities in Europe (URCE), Mrs Nora Zahid. The conference was also attended among others by Mr Naing Win Zahid, Chairman of URCE, Mr Hassan Ahmed, Vice Chairman of URCE, Mr Habib Pitar, Vice Chairman of URCE, Mr Hamdan Mg Kyaw Naing, Secretary General
of URCE, Mr Gafur Ahmed, Publicity & Information Secretary and Mrs Mahmuda, organizing Secretary of URCE. The full text of the Press Statement is enclosed herewith below and the photographs of the Press Conference is attached herewith below.CRDB's Statement at the Press Conference atthe National Press Club in Oslo, NorwayDated: Oct 19.2007
Hon'ble Journalists, Media Representatives, dignitaries, ladies & gentlemen,At the very beginning, we, "The Council for Restoration of Democracy in Burma (CRDB)", an organization of Rohingyas in exile, would like to express our full support and gratitude on behlaf of all Rohingyas in exile, to our heroic monks who have once again took to the street to raise their voice against the Reign of Terror of the Burmese Military rulers. We would also like to express our deep appreciation to the people of Burma who have once again marched who have rendered all out support to the ongoing struggle against the military repression, risking the military repression and loss of life. We would also like to extend our compliments and sincere thanks to the peace loving people of the world for their understanding the plight of the people of Burma and for expressing strong solidarity with threir struggle.Mentionably, since the Pro-Democracy Uprising of 1988, the whole Rohingya community of Arakan has been actively and spontaneously taking part in the pro-democracy struggle shoulder in shoulder with other pro-democracy activists of Burma and for that reason hundreds of Rohingyas have been killed and thousand of Rohingyas have been imprisoned and over and above, U Kyaw Min who has been elected a Member of Parliament in the General Election of 1990 with a landslide victory and who is respected by the whole Rohingya community as a great leader - has been put in the jail for 47-years term and at the same time, his wife, his two daughters and one son have also been imprisoned. Now they are all passing a nightmarish life in the jail in Burma. His other 3 sons have luckily fled to Malaysia and they were brought by the Norwegian government to Norway few months back. In today's conference here is present his one son Mr Hamdan Mg Kyaw Naing. Here is also present the Chairman of The Union of Rohingya Communities in Europe (URCE), Mr Naing Win Zahid whose one sister is now in the jail in Burma for 20 years term out of which she has already passed 10 years, on the charge of helping some other Rohingyas to travel to Rangoon, because Rohingyas are not totally allowed to Rangoon and also in Arakan which is a state under the Union of Burma and where the Rohingyas mainly live, the Rohingyas are not allowed to move from one township to another without the pass from the local military administration. His another sister is now on the run to Thailand after being wanted by the army on the charge of organizing recent anti-government activities. Here is also present the Vice Chairman of the URCE Mr Habib Peter and Vice Chairman of the URCE Mr Hassan Ahmed whose one brother has been brutally killed by the army 7 years back.However, in today's press conference, we would like to highlight some points as below about Burma and Rohingyas which are not so much known to the world:(1) Heartrending stories of crackdown during 27 years long Military Rule from 1962 to 1988:Since 1988, the military crackdown which has been being conducted by the Burmese military rulers against the pro-democracy activists, are more or less known to the world where thousands of democracy-seeking people, including students, monks, government employees, workers, farmers, traders and even housewives, have fallen victims to the military brutalities and thousands of others have been either maimed or imprisoned without any trial. And despite the landslide victory of NLD (National League for Democracy) in the General Election of May 1990, the army has denied to hand over power to it and instead, Burma's legitimate leader Nobel Peace Prize Winner Daw Aung San Suu Kyi has been put in house detention.But the atrocities which were perpetrated by the military rulers during 27-years long military rule since 1962 to 1988 turning the whole country into a secret state of terror and isolating the country from the rest of the world - is not so much known to the world.
However, on the evening of 7 July 1962, the army has indiscriminately massacred 135 students of Rangoon University, wounded many others and arrested about 3000 students. It was simply because the students of the Rangoon University raised protest against some rules and regulations which were imposed upon them by the regime restricting their usual movement like those in the military barracks. And a fter the shooting, the campus was cleared up, the dead and the wounded were carried away and at midnight the historic "Students Union Building" was dynamited and bulldozed.Similar grim showbiz was perpetrated by the military regime on 11 December 1974 , where hundreds of university students were brutally killed by the army following the tug-of-war over the siege of the body of U Thant, the Ex-Secretary General of the UN. U Thant was and still is regarded by the people of Burma as a most serene and brightest son of Burma. However, the students were massacred because they wanted to put the body of U Thant to final rest in an honorable site which would stand for the people of Burma as the milestone of glory and pride. But Gen. Ne Win wanted to bury the body in a common cemetery of "Kyandaw" where the body of notorious Khine May Than (Ne Win's first legal wife) was buried. Thus, there arose a tense situation centering the siege of the body. At this critical situation, once the students seizing the body buried it in the ground of the Students Union Building of Rangoon University on 10th December 1974. But next morning at about 5 am, the army entered the campus using tanks. The Chancellor Gate was first bulldozed off. The army began arresting everybody on the way and herded them off in the military trucks. When the soldiers started digging for the body, students began to march onward to stop them. Then began indiscriminate shooting. When the body was raised, there was a tug-of-war over the body. All those students who rushed onwards to snatch the body of U Thant, were shot dead. Thus, the UN flag with which the body of U Thant was wrapped, was drenched with the blood of the students.(2) Harrowing events of genocidal operations against Rohingyas and the events of communal violence between Rohingyas and Rakhines:Arakan is a state under the Union of Burma. It is inhabited by many ethnic communities like Rohingyas, Rakhines, Christians, Chakmas, Hindus, Mros, Khumis, Kamens and some other hill tribes.
The Burmese military rulers have turned Arakan into a land of bloods and tears of distressed human beings through systematic persecutions and genocidal operations from one hand and on the other hand by constantly spreading the poison of communalism in Arakan as a part of its "Divide & Rule" policy with a view to permanently trample Arakan and plunder its huge natural resources and thus the military rulers have divided the people of Arakan into many hostile groups who many often point their guns against their neighbors. And since 1942 over 3 hundred thousand Rohingyas have been killed so far and over 1.5 million Rohingyas have been compelled to leave their motherland Arakan and live in different countires of the world like Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, UAE, Saudi Arabia, Malaysia etc as undocumented refugees.The Rohingya community of Arakan , Burma (Myanmar) is one of the most down-trodden ethnic minorities of the world. They are victim of political oppression, economic exploitation, cultural slavery and communal violence in their ancestral land Arakan where they have been living centuries after centuries. The Burmese military rulers have been constantly pursuing a policy to exterminate Rohingyas from Arakan with a popular notion -"Kill Rohingya first if a cobra and a Rohingya are found together".Genocidal Operations against RohingyasThe Pogrom of 1942: Biyallisher Khara KhariAlthough the slavish history of the Rohingyas begins with the annexation of Arakan in 1784, but the story of their large scale persecution and oppression begins with the beginning of the 20 th century. Particularly, since 1937, when Burma was separated from British India, the soil of Arakan has been frequently drenched with the blood of the Rohingyas which caused innumerable exodus of Rohingyas in the wake of innumerable operations led against the Rohingyas out of which the Pogrom of 1942, Dragon King Operation of 1978 and the Operation of 1991/92 are the most horrific genocidal operations of the world. Being deprived of fundamental human rights and being victim of the systematic genocide, extra-judicial persecution and eviction, over 4.5 million Rohingyas have been leading a gypsy life both at home and abroad.In 1942, there was an administrative vacuum in Arakan, during the war with Japan when Allied Forces retreated from Arakan leaving huge arms at the hands of some Rakhine communalists who turned those arms against their Rohingya Muslim neighbors, massacring tens of thousands of innocent Rohingyas mostly in eastern Arakan where the Rakhines were in majority. As a tit for tat regrettably some Rohingya Muslim extremists caused heavy casualty to the life and property of innocent civilian Rakhines in the western Arakan where the Rohingyas are majority. Unfortunately, this grim genocidal tragedy remained unnoticed and thus slipped away from the world history almost unrecorded because of the pre-occupation of the international community with the World War II.The reminiscence of the tragic stories of the most heinous Pogrom of 1942 which is popularly known as "Biyallisher Khara Khari" still shudders the hearts of those who had witnessed the tragedy. At that time, the genocidal operation in "Kyawktaw" (Township) was so fierce that the water of the " Kaladen River" got a crimson color with the blood of Rohingya victims. And for the following 2/3 years, the fish of the river could not be eaten due to the rotten corpse.Operation Dragon King of 1978 and its aftermathAs a part of the systematic genocidal operation, this operation was led against the Rohingyas in 1978, when innumerable Rohingya men, women and children have been subjected to massacres and eviction. During this operation, which is popularly known as Dragon King (Nagaminh), about 3 hundred thousand Rohingyas fled to Bangladesh. This was, in fact, the first time when the Rohingya refugee problem drew the international attention. Later, however, the Burmese military government was forced by the international community to take back its citizens. But due to the lack of an all-out guarantee of their security in Arakan, a major portion of the refugees refused to return home and later, many of them got mixed with the local people of Bangladesh and started leading a gypsy life here and there as undocumented refugees and many of them crossed to different countries like India, Pakistan, UAE and Saudi Arabia, etc.However, out of those 3 hundred thousand refugees, only 180,000 have returned home amidst utter despondency and grief. But since there was no international observation team inside Arakan to look after the returning refuges, those who returned have become victims of double persecutions. They were not returned to their original hearths and homes. The relief commodities given by different international organizations for these returning refugees were not distributed among them and instead were distributed elsewhere. In a punishing act, many food Go-downs of the refugees were burnt down by the army. As a result, one third of the returning refugees died of starvation and malnutrition and the rest of them began to lead a gypsy life here and there inside Arakan.In 1979, the military rulers led two more operations against the Rohingyas which were called "Galoon" and "Shwe Hinsa". Later with the passage of "The New Citizenship Law" in 1982, the military rulers have virtually declared the Rohingyas as stateless people in their own homeland where they have been living centuries after centuries. In this way, their right to take part in the national affairs and administration has been snatched away.In fact, during the long military rule since 1962 the army had conducted armed operations against the Rohingyas almost every year under the aegis of the notorious "Immigration Act". Moreover, as a part of its "divide & rule" policy, it has instigated many communal riots between the Rakhines and Rohingyas. Besides, the army and other law enforcing personnel often enter the Rohingya localities on the pretext of an enquiry. While searching the houses of the Rohingyas, they either assault the Rohingya womenfolk or take away those who look beautiful. The Rohingyas are often compelled to provide rice, goats, fowls, etc., free of cost for the army or the police outposts. In what is called modern-day slave labor, they are forced to provide free labour for the construction of different roads and accommodation facilities for the government forces. Sometimes, while all the males of a Rohingya village are summoned to an army camp under some pretext, including forced volunteering for the slave labor – the "kooli" - the forces indiscriminately assault and dishonor the Rohingya women. Besides, drastic restrictions are imposed on the Rohingyas on their movement from a police station to another.
Military Operation of 1991/92:In late 1991, the world witnessed another grim showbiz of crackdown of the Burmese military regime when tens of thousands of Rohingya men, women and children streamed into neighboring Bangladesh with stories of rapes, killings, slave labor and destruction of religious sites and other acts of human rights violations. At that time, the Bangladesh government registered over 300,000 refugees. The green foliage and picturesque valleys of the southern parts of Cox's Bazar of Bangladesh which cater celestial delights to the visitors have turned into a place of exile for those hapless Rohingya refugees.At that time, the refugees interviewed by different international organizations and the world media reported appalling atrocities at the hands of the Burmese army. Rape of women after their husbands of fathers had been taken for forced labor was common. Sometimes, the rape occurred in the homes of the victims with children and relatives left to watch. Sometimes, the women were taken to a nearby military camp where they were sorted out by beauty. In some cases, the women were killed, in other cases they were allowed to return home. For more grim stories of persecutions of Rohingyas, you are requested to go through the Report of the U.S.-based human rights organization "ASIA WATCH" – a division of Human Rights Watch - as published in its May 7, 1992 issue are provided below [
http://www.ibiblio.org/obl/docs/Northern_Arakan92.htm]:[Ref: " BURMA: RAPE, FORCED LABOR AND RELIGIOUS PERSECUTION IN NORTHERN ARAKAN ", Asia Watch, Vol. 4, Issue 13, May 7, 1992 .]Over and above, the extreme communal frenzy is one the cruel companions of the Arakanese society. The riots between the army backed majority community "Rakhines" and the minority community "Rohingyas" are common phenomena in Arakan where the communal enmity and hatred has reached at a scale that the Rohingyas can hardly pass through the Rakhine localities. Even the Rohingya Ulemas (theologians) are not spared from the torture. The Rakhine youths either slap down their Tupi (religious caps) or amuse with their beards and scornfully remark – "Khuaysa Kalla" (alien puppies).The movement of Rohingyas from one place to another by buses, launches or steamers is always full of risks and hazards. Thousands of highly Rohingya educated personalities have fallen victims of assassination at the hands of a section of the Rakhine communalists.In fact, it is the Burmese military regime which has turned the land "Arakan" into an earthly hell where tens of thousands of innocent human beings are being offered as the requiem of the communal conflagration that the military regime has lit up by constantly fuelling the communal fire.(3) Dropping 7 hundred thousand Rohingyas from the voter list in Bangladesh will cause a big Human Tragedy across the whole South Asian region and Middle East:It is true that Bangladesh is a small country of only 147,570 square km with an overwhelming population of 134.6 million people out of which 70 million people live below the poverty level and out of them 45 million people live on below a dollar a day. Despite these so many limitations and limited resources, Bangladesh has given shelter to over 7 hundred thousand Rohingya undocumented refugees over the last 3 decades and for this, we express our deep gratitude to the government and people of Bangladesh. But the ongoing process of the Election Commission of Bangladesh to drop over 7 hundred thousand Rohingyas from the voter list barring them subsequently from getting the National ID Card will be a question of life and death for those undocumented Rohingya refugees who took refuge in Bangladesh particularly since 1978 after being uprooted from their motherland "Arakan" of Burma by its military rulers through a series of genocidal operations, inhuman persecutions and in denial of their citizenships in thier own motherland where they have been living centuries after centuries.It may be mentined here that after the finalization of the voter list in Bangladesh and after the completion of the National ID Card Issuance Programme by the Bangladesh government by next year, the survival of Rohingyas in Bangladesh without ID Card will be quite impossible, because the ID Card will be essential in all walks of life and without ID Card, it will be impossible to even buy a medicine or get treatment in a hospital.At present over 4 hundred thousand Rohingyas live in Bangladesh as undocumented refugees and over 3 hundred thousand Rohingyas have been living in different countries of the world particularly in Middle East with Bangladesh passports.However, due to the loss of Bangladehs passport, if over 3 hundred thousand Rohingyas become illegal immigrants and lose their jobs abroad and similarly if the survival of over 4 hundred thousand Rohingyas become impossible inside Bangladesh due to the lack of National ID Card - it will cause a BIG HUMAN TRAGEDY.AppealSo, we fervently appeal to the international humnitarian community, the United Nations, the European Union and other international and regional bodies to apply more force and to take effective steps to restore democracy in Burma, to restore human rights of Rohingyas with the recognition of their citizenship in Burma, to release all political prisoners including the Nobel Peace Prize Winner Daw Aung San Suu Kyi and the great Rohingya leader U Kyaw Min and his family. We also fervently appeal for restoration of communal harmony between the two ethnic communities of Arakan - the Rohingyas and Rakhines and to bycott all the communalist groups of both the Rohingyas and Rakhines who have pushed the lives of thousands of men, women and children towards disaster. We also appeal to Bangladesh government not to drop the Rohingyas from the voter list and to let them live in Bangladesh until a durable solution has been found out to their problem with the restoration of democracy in Burma.Finally, we would like to thank you all for attending the conference and your valuable time that you have given to it. We hope that you would kindly highlight our plight and predicament to the world through your esteemed media.Thanking you in advance for your all out cooperation.A. Rahman FarooqChairmanThe Council for Restoration of Democracy in Burma (CRDB)Address: 2975 Vang i Valdres, NorwayMedia Contact: +4797413036
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9:37 AM Wednesday, October 17, 2007
Solidarity Statement with Oslo Press ConferenceBurmese Rohingya Association in Thailand (BRAT)
Date: October 18, 2007We at the Burmese Rohingya Association in Thailand (BRAT) strongly condemn the Joint Statement of the Rohingya Community in Norway (RCN) for their inclusion of BRAT. We are not aware of this statement but know Mr. Ahmedur Rahman Farooq and his activities under the Council for Restoration of Democracy in Burma that was based in Bangladesh.He is a young leader who has a high potentiality in the movement. The BRAT believes that the CRDB was the first Non-Violent Democratic Organization of the Rohingya in exile that formed after 1990s General Election in Burma.We note that there is no existence of Arakan Rohingya National Organization (ARNO) as it was formed in 1999 comprising of Rohingya Solidarity Organization (RSO) let by Dr. Mohammed Yunus, Rohingya Solidarity Organization (RSO) led by Prof. Mohammed Zakaria and Arakan Rohingya Islamic Front (ARIF) led by Nurul Islam. In the same year, both of RSO withdrew their alliance and went back to their own activities.According to Mr. Nurul’s claim, he is the only one with some of his family members in Bangladesh, the ARNO is exiting but he left Bangladesh and took refuge in United Kingdom to avoid arrest of Bangladeshi Government as he committed crime against humanity, killing hundreds of young Rohingya.The BRAT therefore request to all concerned authorities and individuals to be aware of ARNO and its allies who conspire against its own people for the benefit of their own.Finally, the BRAT expresses its deep support and strong solidarity with CRDB and its forthcoming the press Conference in Oslo.Central Executive CommitteeBurmese Rohingya Association in Thailand (BRAT)
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11:40 PM Letter of Human Rights Council (HRC) for Oslo Press ConferenceDear Organizers and sponsors,Oslo Press Conference, Norway.HRC welcomes the forthcoming Oslo Conference and expresses its strong support and solidarity with it. HRC would like to thanks and appreciates to the members of CRDB and URCE including Brother A. Rahman Farooq, Chairman, CRDB for their outstanding efforts to make the conference a success. HRC feels that the ill-fated community will be benefited by the Oslo press conference directly or indirectly.Finally HRC would like to request all the Political Organizations and individuals to support such
a kind of conference by discarding all the differences and discrimination. Criticizing and intolerance to other’s contribution or efforts must not bring peace in the community; rather the reciprocal disdain will be deep-rooted rapidly. So, to avoid the provocation, we should be more generous and cooperative. It is the norm of real Politics. So, HRC would like other Rohingya political Organizations and Alliances to come forward and hold Conferences or Seminars jointly with broader participation on common issues of the oppressed Rohingya people including on feasibility of reconciliation between the Rakhines and the Rohingyas.
ttp://newsimg.bbc.co.uk/media/images/41641000/jpg/_41641036_10zimbabwepress_apf.jpgBest regards,Human Rights Council (HRC)Arakan
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11:31 PM Solidarity Statement of Burmese Rohingya Democratic Alliance, ( BRDA ) with CRDB's Press ConferenceSupport to the Press Conference of CRDB to be held on Oct-19,2007
We, on behalf of the BURMESE ROHINGYA DEMOCRATIC ALLIANCE (BRDA) comprising NDPHR ( exile ) USA ( HQ), JARO- JAPAN, BRA-UAE, RYDF-ARAKAN, and NCR-MALAYSIA would like to express our whole-hearted support to the CRDB's Press Conference to be held on 19th October 2007 (Friday) at the national Press Club in Oslo.Norway.
We request all Rohingya community members in Norway to participate and cooperate with CRDB for the success of Press Conference disregarding differences of party politics and internal fractional-ism on the basis of unity in diversity for the common good of all Rohingya people.
Please find out the address of Press Club:
Tostrupkjelleren PresseklubbØvre Slottsgate 230150 OSLOInngang fra Egertorget
http://www.tostrupkjelleren.no/(Oslo City Map)
With Prayer for all Rohingyas around the globe!SincerelyDr.Than Aung (a.k.a) Mohammed AliPresidentBurmese Rohingya Democratic Alliance, ( BRDA )
Tel: 971-506-349780 (UAE)For futher information, Please contact:1. Kyaw Soe Aung-(414)736 4273 (USA)2.Mr.Sadek-6- 016-309-4599 (Malaysia)3.Mr.Salim Ullah-81-904- 9686 779 (Japan)4.Maung Sein-646-625 9407 (USA)
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9:30 PM Stand of NHPHR (exile) HQ with CRDBSupport and Solidarity with CRDB's Press Conference in Oslo,Norway
The NDPHR(exile) USA(HQ) would like to express our strong support and solidarity to the forthcoming Press Conference of CRDB ( Council for Restoration of Democracy in Burma) at National Press Club in Oslo,Norway on October 19. 2007 at 13:30 Friday in collaboration with the Union of Rohingya Communities in Europe ( URCE ).
We appreciate the Chairman A. Rahman Farooq and all members of the Council for Restoration of Democracy in Burma (CRDB ) for holding this conference at this critical hours of Rohingyas and other people of Burma.We have instructed our Branch in Norway- the NDPHR ( exile) Norway to take active part with CRDB and URCE in this Press Conference and help with all available means to implement it for the greater interest of Rohingyas world-wide.We urge all Rohingya organizations to come forward in support of the new initiative of CRDB and URCE and encourage them to advance the sacred cause of Rohingyas' survival in their ancestral homeland Arakan,Burma.
We, all members of NDPHR(exile) USA (HQ) sincerely pray for the success of the forthcoming CRDB's Norway Press Conference.
Mohiuddin (aka) Maung Sein
President-NDPHR( exile)USA( HQ)
PO BOx-210178, NY-11421, USA
Tel646) 625 9407
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